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AI Engineering Advanced Pro

Evaluating Agents and Multi-Agent Systems

Outcome vs. trajectory evaluation, tool-call accuracy, pass@k vs. pass^k, LLM-as-judge over trajectories, sandboxed benchmarks, cost-per-successful-task, and multi-agent-specific failure modes

30 min read 8 views

Agent- and multi-agent-specific evaluation for AI engineering interviews: outcome vs. trajectory evaluation and why trajectory matters even when the answer is right; concrete agent metrics (tool-call accuracy, step efficiency, task completion rate); pass@k vs. pass^k explained and measured with a worked numeric example, framed as evaluation metrics rather than a design-time cost calculation; LLM-as-judge applied to trajectories specifically, with the biases unique to judging a process rather than an answer; sandboxed benchmark environments (τ-bench/SWE-bench-style) as the rigorous alternative; cost-per-successful-task as the unifying production metric; multi-agent-specific coordination failures, credit assignment, and handoff loss; agent-specific regression testing and canarying; and a worked 200-task eval set where pass@1 and pass^3 disagree on a ship decision.

Practice questions (5)

  • Three Agents, Same Outcome Accuracy: What the Dashboard Hides

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  • Computing and Interpreting pass@k and pass^k for a Batch-Processing Agent

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  • Diagnosing a Trajectory Judge That Rewards the Wrong Thing

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  • Credit Assignment in a Three-Stage Research Pipeline

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  • Comparing Two Proposals with Cost-Per-Successful-Task

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